Why Choose an Independent School?
By Patrick F. Bassett, President of the National Association of Independent Schools
Independent schools are unique.
By definition, an independent school is independent in two critical ways:
- Independent in governance:The schools are organized as not-for-profit corporations governed by a self-perpetuating board of directors, as opposed to being “owned” and run by the government (public schools), by a church or synagogue (parochial schools) or by for-profit entities (proprietary schools).
- Independent in finance: The schools charge tuition and raise money to operate themselves (as opposed to being supported primarily by public monies or religious subsidies).
It is the independence of independent schools that offers to them the four essential freedoms that make independent schools strong:
- The freedom to define their own mission (why they exist, whom they serve).
- The freedom to regulate admissions (admitting only those students appropriate to the mission).
- The freedom to define teacher credentials (hiring, particularly in the middle school and upper school grades, liberal arts graduates who have majored in a discipline and who have a passion about teaching the subject)
- The freedom to teach what the teachers decide is important (free from state curricular and textbook mandates).
It is important to note that independent schools are not "elitist" in any way except in terms of academic expectations: The typical independent school often has more diversity (racially, ethnically and socio-economically) than the neighboring public schools (many of which are quite homogeneous). The socio-economic diversity of independent schools, for example, is supported by a significant commitment to financial aid: Independent school students come from all family income levels, and 25% of them typically are supported by financial aid.
Although independent schools continue to attract "legacies" (i.e., relatives and siblings of graduates and current students), the largest contingent of independent school students now comes from erstwhile public school families, sometimes refugees from public schools that are failing in one way or another but increasingly converts from "good public schools": i.e., those public schools privileged with an economic base and socio-economic demographics that make them otherwise comparable to independent schools.
Now, longitudinal research confirms the wisdom of choosing an independent school. As the accompanying chart illustrates, comparisons of independent school students with those from "privileged' suburban public schools reveal the pattern for success that favor those who attend independent schools. Roughly speaking, students from independent schools are about twice as likely (or more) than their counterparts in "privileged suburban schools" to...
- Take Algebra I and foreign language in the eighth grade.
- Enroll in an A.P. course as a sophomore.
- Study with a teacher who has graduated from a "Top 100" college.
- Complete pre-calculus or higher level of mathematics.
- Play on a JV or varsity sport.
- Participate in extracurricular arts, academics, and/or community service.
Sources: Powell (Lesson from Privilege), Heath (Schools of Hope), NCES
The patterns indicated above begin in our elementary schools, which place a strong emphasis on creating a positive learning climate for each child, and are sustained through our middle and upper schools, where children are "expected" to do well academically and "needed" to participate extracurricularly.
Why are these patterns important? Because they reflect two critical elements that make independent school students well prepared for college and for life:
- Mastering of a serious academic program.
- Being a team "player."
The "lessons" of the research are clear. College admission is dependent on the two factors indicated above, since what is most important to college is evidence that a student can undertake a program of rigorous academic study and indication that the student can and will contribute to the community outside of the classroom. The ethos of independent schools contributes to this equation, since "everybody" is expected to work hard and succeed academically and since "everybody" is expected be "a team player." (The latter is particularly significant, since the greatest predictor of success in college and thereafter is not grades or S.A.T. scores but involvement in extracurricular life, where the life skills of "playing fair," "being a team player," "winning and losing gracefully," "performing in front of an audience," etc. are developed and nurtured.) Since independent schools tend to be small (averaging around 400 students--even in larger schools, the divisions of lower, middle, and upper school tend to be around 400 or fewer students), it is necessary for everyone "to be a player." The outcome of this necessity is that even average kids end up to be exceptional contributors, a pattern in independent schools that translates into success thereafter for our graduates.
Finally, independent schools are different as well in terms of the effectiveness of the partnership between parents and schools: We speak in a unified voice about a common set of goals and values, and it is this coalescing of parental and school voices that points students, like a clarion bell, towards achievement and guides them towards decent behaviors and good citizenship.
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Author: Patrick F. Bassett, Winter '98 ISACS Newsletter Insert.
For additional information concerning independent schools you can visit their website at http://www.isacs.org/